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Actor

通过 Dapr Actor 包,您可以与 JavaScript 应用程序中的 Dapr 虚拟 Actor 进行交互。 下面的示例讲演示如何使用 JavaScript SDK 与 Dapr 虚拟 Actor 进行交互。

有关 Dapr Actor 的更深入说明,请访问 概述页面

前提

场景

下面的代码示例粗略地描述了停车库点监控系统的场景,可以在 Mark Russinovich 的这个 视频 中看到。

停车库由数百个停车位组成,每个停车位都包括一个传感器,该传感器为集中监控系统提供更新。 停车位传感器(我们的 Actor)检测一个泊车位是否被占用,或是否可用。

要想自己运行这个例子,请克隆源代码,它可以在 JavaScript SDK 示例目录 中找到。

Actor 接口

Actor 接口定义了 Actor 契约,由 Actor 实现和调用 Actor 的客户端共享。 在下面的例子中,我们为一个停车场的传感器创建了一个接口。 每个传感器有 2 种方法: carEntercarLeave,它定义了停车位的状态:

export default interface ParkingSensorInterface {
  carEnter(): Promise<void>;
  carLeave(): Promise<void>;
}

Actor 实现

Actor 实现通过扩展基本类型 AbstractActor 来定义一个类,并实现 Actor 接口。 下面的代码通过实现 ParkingSensorInterface 中定义的方法,描述了 Actor 的实现所包含的内容。 它还定义了一些额外的辅助方法:

import { AbstractActor } from "dapr-client";
import ParkingSensorInterface from "./ParkingSensorInterface";

export default class ParkingSensorImpl extends AbstractActor implements ParkingSensorInterface {
  async carEnter(): Promise<void> {
    // Implementation that updates state that this parking spaces is occupied.
  }

  async carLeave(): Promise<void> {
    // Implementation that updates state that this parking spaces is available.
  }

  async getParkingSpaceUpdate(): Promise<object> {
    // Implementation of requesting an update from the parking space sensor.
  }

  async onActivate(): Promise<void> {
    // Initialization logic called by AbstractActor.
  }
}

注册 Actor

使用 DaprServer 包初始化和注册您的 Actor:

import { DaprServer } from "dapr-server";
import ParkingSensorImpl from "./ParkingSensorImpl";

async function start() {
  const server = new DaprServer(`server-host`, `server-port`, `dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);

  await server.actor.init(); // Let the server know we need actors
  server.actor.registerActor(ParkingSensorImpl); // Register the actor
  await server.start(); // Start the server
}

调用 Actor

注册 Actor 后,使用 DaprClient 在 Actor 上调用方法。 该客户端将调用在 Actor 接口文件中定义的方法。

import { DaprClient, DaprServer } from "dapr-client";
import ParkingSensorImpl from "./ParkingSensorImpl";

async function start() {
  const server = new DaprServer(`server-host`, `server-port`, `dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);
  const client = new DaprClient(`dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);

  await server.actor.init(); 
  server.actor.registerActor(ParkingSensorImpl); 
  await server.start();


  await client.actor.invoke("PUT", ParkingSensorImpl.name, `actor-id`, "carEnter"); // Invoke the ParkingSensor Actor by calling the carEnter function
}

保存和获取状态

import { DaprClient, DaprServer } from "dapr-client";
import ParkingSensorImpl from "./ParkingSensorImpl";

async function start() {
  const server = new DaprServer(`server-host`, `server-port`, `dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);
  const client = new DaprClient(`dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);

  await server.actor.init(); 
  server.actor.registerActor(ParkingSensorImpl); 
  await server.start();

  // Perform state transaction
  await client.actor.stateTransaction("ParkingSensorImpl", `actor-id`, [
    {
      operation: "upsert",
      request: {
        key: "parking-sensor-location-lat",
        value: "location-x"
      }
    },
    {
      operation: "upsert",
      request: {
        key: "parking-sensor-location-lang",
        value: "location-y"
      }
    }
  ]);

  // GET state from an actor
  await client.actor.stateGet("ParkingSensorImpl", `actor-id`, `parking-sensor-location-lat`)
  await client.actor.stateGet("ParkingSensorImpl", `actor-id`, `parking-sensor-location-lang`)
}
...

Actor Timer 和 Reminder

Actor 可以通过注册 Timer 或 Reminder 来安排自己的周期性任务。 Timer 与 Reminder 的主要的区别在于:Actor 运行时在停用后不保留任何有关 Timer 的信息,而会使用 Actor 状态组件来持久化有关 Reminder 的信息。

这种区别允许用户在轻量级但无状态的 Timer 和需要更多资源但有状态的 Reminder 之间进行权衡。

Timer 和 Reminder 的调度接口定义是完全相同的。 如需更深入地了解调度配置,请参阅 Actor Timer 和 Reminder 文档

Actor Timer

import { DaprClient, DaprServer } from "dapr-client";
import ParkingSensorImpl from "./ParkingSensorImpl";

async function start() 
  const server = new DaprServer(`server-host`, `server-port`, `dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);
  const client = new DaprClient(`dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);

  await server.actor.init(); 
  server.actor.registerActor(ParkingSensorImpl); 
  await server.start();

  // Register a timer
  await client.actor.timerCreate(ParkingSensorImpl.name, `actor-id`, `timer-id`, {
    callback: "method-to-excute-on-actor",
    dueTime: Temporal.Duration.from({ seconds: 2 }),
    period: Temporal.Duration.from({ seconds: 1 })
  });

  // Delete the timer
  await client.actor.timerDelete(ParkingSensorImpl.name, `actor-id`, `timer-id`);
}

Actor Reminder

import { DaprClient, DaprServer } from "dapr-client";
import ParkingSensorImpl from "./ParkingSensorImpl";

async function start() 
  const server = new DaprServer(`server-host`, `server-port`, `dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);
  const client = new DaprClient(`dapr-host`, `dapr-port`);

  await server.actor.init(); 
  server.actor.registerActor(ParkingSensorImpl); 
  await server.start();


  // Register a reminder, it has a default callback
  await client.actor.reminderCreate(DemoActorImpl.name, `actor-id`, `timer-id`, {
    dueTime: Temporal.Duration.from({ seconds: 2 }),
    period: Temporal.Duration.from({ seconds: 1 }),
    data: 100
  });

  // Delete the reminder
  await client.actor.reminderDelete(DemoActorImpl.name, `actor-id`, `timer-id`);
}